Diseño e implementación de un prototipo para control automático de nivel y caudal de líquidos para los laboratorios de ingeniería mecánica UPS-Quito
In this document it is shown the design and performance of laboratories equip with a system through which students can perform physical practices of industrial automation and control, such as measurement, control and monitoring of process variables. To meet the goal set, it was designed and built...
| Autor Principal: | Machado Ramírez, César Orlando |
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| Otros Autores: | Molina Coronado, Robinson Paúl |
| Formato: | bachelorThesis |
| Idioma: | spa |
| Publicado: |
2011
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| Materias: | |
| Acceso en línea: |
http://dspace.ups.edu.ec/handle/123456789/1043 |
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| Sumario: |
In this document it is shown the design and performance of laboratories equip with a system through which students can perform physical practices of industrial automation and control, such as measurement, control and monitoring of process variables.
To meet the goal set, it was designed and built an automated prototype with the ability to control flow and level, the prototype has a system of pipes through which water flows driven by a pump. The pump speed is regulated by an inverter.
In both, flow control and level control, water flows from the reservoir into the test tank, and then into the reservoir again thus forming a closed water circuit.
For flow measurement it was used a KOBOLD turbine sensor with a measuring range from 2 to 40 [l / min], a measurement accuracy of 1.5%. The increase or decrease of the flow was made by varying the speed of the pump through the SINAMICS G110 drive speed.
As for the level measurement it is used a hydrostatic pressure sensor that has a measuring range from 0 to 10 [kPa] with a measurement accuracy of 0.5%, which still counted the water column and according to the pressure will transmit the height of it directly.
For the control of the prototype it was used the S7-200 (Programmable Logic Controller) with a CPU 224 DC / DC / DC, a signal 4 to 20 [mA], for which control algorithms were designed with PID routines.
The handling of the prototype was implemented in Intouch HMI software, with windows that let you interact according to the needs.
For the overall management of the prototype and its communication, in order to perform data acquisition in each of the tests, are used together as a group of programs: Intouch 10, STEP 7 MicroWIN SP7 4, EX5 and S7 KEPServer -200 V1.02 PC Access.
In performance tests were determined optimal parameters (gain = 7.5, integration time = 0.21 min, derivative time = 0 and sampling time = 0.1 sec.) The control level yielded satisfactory results before the calibration of the controller was completed.
For the range from 0 to 100 mm it was obtained a reaction time of 1 minute 25 seconds to fully stabilize, the error in the setpoint level was 0.5 mm. For a second segment taken from 390 to 500 mm it was obtained a reaction time of 1 minute for a successful stabilization and the maximum error in the setpoint level was 2.6 mm.
The PID flow control has the following settings (gain = 0.8, Integration Time = 0.02, Derivation time = 0 and sampling time = 0.1 seconds). For the range from 0 to 15 liters per minute it yielded a stabilization time of 40 seconds, while the accuracy of the transmitter is 1.5%.
In addition it was programmed a third PID to dosage volume of water by counting the volume that pass through the flow meter. The following settings were obtained (gain = 0.8, Integration Time = 0.02, Derivation time = 0 and sampling time = 0.1 seconds). For a volume of 4 liters it was obtained a reaction time of 16 seconds, while the error was 0.032 liters.
In this document it is shown the design and performance of laboratories equip with a system through which students can perform physical practices of industrial automation and control, such as measurement, control and monitoring of process variables.
To meet the goal set, it was designed and built an automated prototype with the ability to control flow and level, the prototype has a system of pipes through which water flows driven by a pump. The pump speed is regulated by an inverter.
In both, flow control and level control, water flows from the reservoir into the test tank, and then into the reservoir again thus forming a closed water circuit.
For flow measurement it was used a KOBOLD turbine sensor with a measuring range from 2 to 40 [l / min], a measurement accuracy of 1.5%. The increase or decrease of the flow was made by varying the speed of the pump through the SINAMICS G110 drive speed.
As for the level measurement it is used a hydrostatic pressure sensor that has a measuring range from 0 to 10 [kPa] with a measurement accuracy of 0.5%, which still counted the water column and according to the pressure will transmit the height of it directly.
For the control of the prototype it was used the S7-200 (Programmable Logic Controller) with a CPU 224 DC / DC / DC, a signal 4 to 20 [mA], for which control algorithms were designed with PID routines.
The handling of the prototype was implemented in Intouch HMI software, with windows that let you interact according to the needs.
For the overall management of the prototype and its communication, in order to perform data acquisition in each of the tests, are used together as a group of programs: Intouch 10, STEP 7 MicroWIN SP7 4, EX5 and S7 KEPServer -200 V1.02 PC Access.
In performance tests were determined optimal parameters (gain = 7.5, integration time = 0.21 min, derivative time = 0 and sampling time = 0.1 sec.) The control level yielded satisfactory results before the calibration of the controller was completed.
For the range from 0 to 100 mm it was obtained a reaction time of 1 minute 25 seconds to fully stabilize, the error in the setpoint level was 0.5 mm. For a second segment taken from 390 to 500 mm it was obtained a reaction time of 1 minute for a successful stabilization and the maximum error in the setpoint level was 2.6 mm.
The PID flow control has the following settings (gain = 0.8, Integration Time = 0.02, Derivation time = 0 and sampling time = 0.1 seconds). For the range from 0 to 15 liters per minute it yielded a stabilization time of 40 seconds, while the accuracy of the transmitter is 1.5%.
In addition it was programmed a third PID to dosage volume of water by counting the volume that pass through the flow meter. The following settings were obtained (gain = 0.8, Integration Time = 0.02, Derivation time = 0 and sampling time = 0.1 seconds). For a volume of 4 liters it was obtained a reaction time of 16 seconds, while the error was 0.032 liters. |
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